World Natural Heritage —— Jianglang Mountain

Jianglang mountain, located at the junction of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, is a national key tourist area and a national AAAAA scenic spot. Jianglang Mountain is the classic representative of Danxia landform in the senescence period, which is rare in the whole world. At the 34th World Heritage Convention held in Brazil in August 2010, "China Danxia" was included in the World Heritage List with the approval of the UNESCO world heritage committee, among which Jianglang Mountain was listed as the first world natural heritage in Zhejiang province.

25 kilometers away from Jiangshan city, Jianglang Mountain is known for its marvelous natural landscape, especially the magnificent and peculiar "three pieces of stone". Three stone peaks such as bamboo shoots into the sky was identified as China's first Danxia peak by 56 geological experts in east China. The one-line sky is a narrow gorge between two peaks, which is 298 meters long, 312 meters high and only 3 meters wide, and is regarded as the most marvelous one-line sky in China. Great Man Peak is also a remarkable natural landscape. In addition, there are the breathtaking and precipitous sky tour of Lang Peak , the millennium Kaiming Temple, the millennium institution Jianglang Academy, as well as Xiake visit, cave rock, Xianju waterfall and so on.

Jianglang Mountain is rich in cultural landscape that many heroes and famous scholars left a large number of literary works for in thousands of years. In the Tang dynasty, Yao Chong, Zhang Jiuling, the great poet Bai Juyi once wrote poems to praise; the savant Zhu Dongshan lived in seclusion in Jianglang and gave lectures; Wang Anshi, a great statesman in the Song dynasty, and Mao Pang, a poet, once studied in Xianju temple. Famous scholars Lu You, Xin Qiji, Lu Gongzhu, Shen Jiuru and so on wrote poems and lyrics to praise the Jianglang scenery. After the southern migration of the Song dynasty, many literati and poets wandered on the Xianxia ancient road in Zhejiang and Fujian, leaving more than 1,000 poems and articles, which was known as "the road of poetry in the southern Song dynasty". Xu Xiake, a great geographer in the Ming dynasty, visited Jianglang Mountain three times and wrote more than 2,600 words in his travels, which added rich cultural connotations to Jianglang Mountain.


A brief introduction to Nian Ba Du Ancient Town,
one of national historical and cultural towns in China

Located among Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi Province, Nian Ba Du Ancient Town is a national historical and cultural town, as well as the town of Chinese folk culture and art. As a military fortress between Zhejiang province and Fujian province, Nian Ba Du Ancient Town has a history of more than one thousand years.

Nian Ba Du Ancient Town is a town with more than one hundred family names. Under the influence of the migration in ancient China, 142 surnames are preserved in the town with a population of 10,000. With so many surnames in such a small area, it is difficult to find a second place in the country.

Nian Ba Du Ancient Town is a kingdom of dialects. Ancestors of the town came from all over the country. At present, about 4000 villagers are living in the town with 13 dialects for communication. It also has the unique folk customs and profound cultural heritage.

Nian Ba Du Ancient Town is an exhibition hall of ancient architecture. The town has a large and relatively complete ancient architectural complex of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now the town has a two-kilometer ancient street,36 buildings and 11 public buildings, which integrate many architectural styles, such as Huizhou style, Jiangxi style, the Hakka style, western style, etc.

Nian Ba Du Ancient Town was a military fortress. Xianxia Ancient Road opened by the Huang Chao Rebellion at the end of the Tang Dynasty was the main military road and the only official land road from Zhejiang to Fujian at that time. As an important military town on the ancient road, a Zhejiang-Fujian guerrilla government office of the third class was set up here and national hearo Zheng Chenggong was stationed here with his father.

Nian Ba Du Ancient Town was an important market town on the land route of the Marine Silk Road. In modern times, the function of Xianxia ancient road gradually changed from military use to commerce and tourism. As a transportation hub for the marginal transit of goods,Nian Ba Du Ancient Town became the most prosperous trade centers on the border of the three provinces.

Birthplace of Jiangnan Mao Family, Ancestral Home of Mao Zedong
—— Qingyang Mao's Cultural Village

Located at the north of the World Natural Heritage Jianglang Mountain, Qingyang Mao's Cultural Village belongs to Shimen town in Jiangshan. The village has 8 groups of villagers, 347 households and 1164 people. Jiangshan has been the central area where the Mao family lived in, until the eighth generation Mao Yuanqiong settled at the north of Jianglang Mountain. Later, his descendants named the village after him so it became Qingyang village.

Qingyang Mao rose abruptly based on its accumulated strength with a long history. Since Mao Yuanqiong settled in Qingyang, the Mao family has been passed on from generation to generation and gradually developed into the main line of the Mao family in the south of the Yangtze river. At the same time, the Mao family gradually moved to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and even overseas, 90% of Jiangnan Mao family is a branch of Qingyang. The genealogy of the Mao family of the Qing dynasty, which was listed as one of the first 48 national treasures, clearly recorded the propagation and migration of the Mao family in the south of the Yangtze river. The existing genealogy of the Mao family in various regions of the south of the Yangtze river are clearly recorded to be directly or indirectly derived from Qingyang, such as Mao family in Jishui , Mao family in Hunan, Mao family in Zhejiang, and Mao family in Hezhou. In October 2009, Mao Xinyu, the grandson of Mao Zedong, and other Mao family members attended the ceremony held in Qingyang.

Mao family in Qingyang has rich cultural connotation and lots of celebrities. A large number of talented people in Qingyang village, the famous poet Mao Pang in Song dynasty , the minister Mao Kai in Ming dynasty. Qing Yang village is the ancestral home of Mao Zedong and the original wife of Chiang Kai-shek Mao Fumei, according to the genealogological research, Mao Zedong and Mao Fumei are Qingyang Mao's 56th generation. Nowadays, Qingyang still has a large number of talents. Mao Zishui, a famous master of traditional Chinese culture in Taiwan, was born in Qingyang village. In addition, there are a large number of science, technology, education and political celebrities.

Mao family in Qingyang insist that read to bequeath to the family. They fully inherited the hard-working, simple, upright nature of the ancestors, and further formed the characteristics: "loyal to the nation, diligent government and the people, clean and honest, adhere to justice" . In the Qingyang, Mao family keep tradition of "read to bequeath to the family". Although many high officials have come out of Qingyang, the existing ancient buildings in Qingyang are simple and unsophisticated, which reflects the ancient officials of the Mao family strictly abide by the ancestral precepts of "clean and honest". Qingyang village is a patriotic education base.

In January 2010, it was identified as the education base of clean government culture in Zhejiang province.


Dai Li’s Former Residence

Dai Li's former residence is located in Baoan village, built in 1943, designed by Dai Li who was the director of the Bureau of Investigation and Statistics of the Military Council in Kuomintang and as well as "the king of agent". The whole building covers an area of nearly one thousand square meters, and looking from the outside, the house is a Quadrangle with white walls and black tiles. Actually, it's two floors at front part but three floors back section. Crossing the gate, a fine pebble path is laid in the middle court with a parterre on each side, and attached room was for security guard (now it has been rebuilt). Enter the second door, the guest room on the left and the account room on the right. Crossing the third door, it’s the main building with two floors at front part but three floors back section according to the height of the terrain. The first floor is equipped with living rooms, study, guest room, dining room, etc. Second and third floor are equipped with the bedroom, living room, study and small living room.

The building design is ingenious and novel. There are 122 windows and 85 doors in the main building of more than 300 square meters. There are two spiral stairways in this building with the open one that installed in the front hall on the right side, no different from the normal stairs. and the hidden one behind the niche which is spinal and wide only for one person. The upper entrance is on the third floor and the lower exit leads to the basement. There is a small door usually closed at each end of the stair, and the door is so integrated with the wall that it is difficult to find. In case of emergency danger, the master can follow the secret stair from the building to the basement and escape out of the village. The setting of the rooms was painstaking, and all of rooms are linked by more than two doors. In the spring of 1945, US Rear Admiral Melles, deputy director of SACO, came here to discuss military affairs with Dai Li in the upstairs living room. The living room is flanked by Dai Chunbang and Dai Zangyi’s bedroom. In case of accidents, more than one secret room is arranged in the walls of the living room, which are narrow and cramped, so that only a single person can hide.  Besides store guns and weapons, it’s a good place to attack,defend and is suitable for slipping, escaping and hiding. The door is usually closed without cracks.

The former residence used to be luxuriously furnished, with a screen in front of the door and beaded curtains hanging on the door. There is a gold plaque of "Shu De Tang" written by Dai Li in the antechamber, and a picture is hung under the gold plaque.  There is a clock and vase on the table, and a large number of famous calligraphy and painting on the wall. In the upstairs living room, there is a portrait of "General Dai Yunong" titled by Wu Jingheng (Wu Zhihui). On both sides are Dai Zangyi and Dai Chunbang's appointment certificates for the rank of major general, and under portrait is a sword which was named by Chiang Kai-shek with "soldier's soul". The floor is carpeted, the bed is equipped with Simmons, and the furniture is made of mahogany. In the west courtyard of Dai Li’s former residence, there stands a pine transported from the United States and planted by Dai Li is more than 10 meters high, with a crown like a tower straight into the sky. The auxiliary room on the south side of the main building, with the kitchen in front and the maid's residence in the back. The basement has moon-shaped doors, no windows and only two vents. It is very convenient to fetch water because there is a spring in the kitchen, which water is sweet and clear,.


A brief introduction of Xianxia Ancient Road

Xianxia Ancient Road is located in Xianxialing, Baoan Township, Jiangshan City, at the junction of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces and is also called Guquan Mountain and Quanling Mountain in ancient times. It was opened by Huang Chao Rebellion in the late Tang Dynasty (AD878) when it marched into Fujian.  Peasant rebel army only opened up the road and did not build any defensive facilities here. However,Xianxialing is still easy to defend and hard to attack with surrounding mountains, cliffs and valleys. Therefore, it had become the activity area of peasant uprisings in previous dynasties since the road opened.The existing stone pavement was built in the Song Dynasty (AD1131-1162). Xianxia Ancient Road is one of the most well-preserved sites of Huang Chao Rebellion in the country. It is one of the classic red tourism bases and also one of the eight major hiking routes in Zhejiang Province.

Xianxia Pass is a strategic point at the junction of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, which is known as "the key to southeast China" and "the key to Fujian province". Xianxia pass, which is located on Xianxia Ancient Road, is one of the four ancient passes in China, which are as famous as Jianmen Pass, Hangu Pass and Yanmen Pass.  There are four passes in total, all of which are built with blocks of stone. The main scenic spots in the first pass are Songfeng Pavilion, Stone Tablet, Shuangbao Trees, Huanxia Pond, Tianyu Nunnery ( Temple of Guan Yu Ruins), Chong Tian Garden and Xianxialing Historical Materials Gallery, Huang Chao  Statue and so on. There are Ganquan Spring, Xialing Pavilion, and the ruins of Shuaixingzhai House  in the second pass, the ruins of the ancient bunker in the third and Fukou Pavilion in the forth.Dai Li's former residence is in the north in Baoan township.Xianxia Pass was listed as the first batch of provincial key cultural relics protection units in 1963. Every year, about 50,000 travelers from all over the country walk along Xianxia Ancient Road. New edition of Journey to the West directed by Zhang Jizhong was filmed here.


Fugai Mountain

Located at the south of Jiangshan City, the Fugai Mountain is an important part of the Jianglang Mountain National Park. It covers an area of 590 hectares ,with a peak elevation of 1146.4 meters. Its natural landscape is suitable to be used as an ecotourism area judging from the better primitivism.

The Fugai Mountain is a kind of granite landform. There are four grotesques in the area: the grotesque clouds, the grotesque rocks, the grotesque caves and the grotesque fountains. Everywhere there are grotesque caves formed by piled rocks hidden in fog. What is mysterious of the rock is that it presents different shapes in different angles and the mount is named as the " Museum of Strange Rocks". The well-known Xianxia ancient path winds through the Fugai Mountain for hundreds of years and makes the mount more mysterious.